Attitude of rabies among dog bite victims in Srinagar, Kashmir

Background: The Indian Association for the prevention and control of rabies estimates that 80, 00, 000 individuals receive the treatment for dog bites each year. The matter with dog rabies in India is that dogs are asymptomatic in each human establishment. The dog population is calculable to be about 25 million; most of them are ownerless and non-vaccinated against rabies. The purpose of the study was to see the attitude of dog bite victims towards rabies.

Methods: The present study was carried in Srinagar district. Regarding the attitude of people, an interview schedule was formulated.

Results: With regards to all dogs are dangerous the majority, 82.50% agreed. When asked about stray dogs are vicious the majority, 82.50% agreed. Only 17.50% agreed that dogs bark when they are frightened. About attack for no reason, the majority 92.50% agreed. About roaming of stray dogs unless they cause problems in human society, just 17.50% agreed. The majority 92.50% didn’t agreed about the person provoking the dog for an attack. Whilst 100% highlighted that stray dogs are a problem in Kashmir. When asked about the population of stray dogs 100% agreed that there are too many dogs in Srinagar.

Conclusion: The attitude of the victimized people was positive. The majority, of respondents, alleged that stray dogs are a community vigour hitch within Srinagar. The outlook of respondents about not allotting stray dogs to meander copiously, appearing for medicinal consideration if bitten by a dog is shimmering proletariats concern in the control of rabies.

Introduction

The Indian Association for the prevention and control of rabies estimates that 80, 00, 000 individuals receive the treatment for dog bites each year [1]. The matter with dog rabies in India is that dogs are asymptomatic in each human establishment. The dog population is calculable to be about 25 million; most of them are ownerless and non-vaccinated against Rabies. The calculable animal bite load per annum was a pair of 2.8 million. Within the capital town of an urban center, the amount of cases regarding dog bites has enlarged from 23,852 in 1992 to 29,905 in 1998 [2]. In Mumbai, 82, 247 cases of dog bites were rumored in 2012 [3] and cases of dog bites are rumored from varied states of India. Just, a British lady was bitten by a puppy in the state of Goa and she died in a U.K. hospital as of Rabies [4]. Youngsters represent 30 to 50% of those receiving post-exposure vaccinations or dying from the disease. An individual is bitten each a pair of seconds and somebody dies from rabies each half-hour in India [5].

Research methodology

The present study was carried in Srinagar district of Jammu and Kashmir Union Territories (Erstwhile Jammu and Kashmir State), India. The purpose is to know the attitude of people towards rabies and thereby the selection of such people comes in front which was done using the below-mentioned sampling plan within the Srinagar district. As per Srinagar Municipal Corporation (SMC), the city is divided into two divisions, four zones and 34 administrative wards (Table 1). The four administrative zones are North, South, East, and West. To maximize the diversity of population response, all the four zones were considered for the present investigation. From each zone, 4 wards were selected randomly making a total of 16 wards. The wards that were selected were shown in the Table 1 with yellow colour. From each randomly selected ward, 10 household exposed to rabies/dog bite were selected as respondents for data collection (accidental sampling). Thus a total of 160 respondents were the sample size for investigating the attitude of rabies vis-a-vis dog bite exposure among the human population. Our assessment consisted of inquiries to grasp the study’s objectives. Five domains were used to prove attitudes amid regards to rabies. Largely attitude level of every domain was seen. Finally, the chi-square test, fisher exact test was accustomed to inspecting the connection amongst variables and consequently, the files had analyzed the using of the SPSS 20.0 software.

Result

With regards to all dogs are dangerous the majority, 82.50% agreed. When asked about stray dogs are vicious the majority, 82.50% agreed. Only 17.50% agreed that dogs bark when they are frightened (Table 2). About attack for no reason, the majority 92.50% agreed. About roaming of stray dogs unless they cause problems in human society, just 17.50% agreed. The majority 92.50% didn’t agreed about the person provoking the dog for an attack. Whilst 100% highlighted that stray dogs are a problem in Kashmir. When asked about the population of stray dogs 100% agreed that there are too many dogs in Srinagar. About leashing during an outbreak, the majority 17.50% agreed. The majority 92.50% were not aware about the killing of dogs is considered as a religious taboo. It is evident from the (Table 3) for supporting the rabies program the majority, 92.50% agreed. About 17.50% agreed it is a threat to human health. When asked about it is transmitted from dogs, therefore it should be controlled, 17.50% agreed. Also 17.50% agreed that rabies can be effectively prevented by vaccination. The majority, 92.50% were willing to euthanize stray dogs for rabies prevention. When asked about educating people can prevent it all 100% agreed. It is obvious to seek medical attention with rabies exposure; the majority 82.50% remained neutral. When asked about educating children as it can act as a herd to awareness, the majority 82.50% remained neutral (Table 4). With regards to insufficiency of legislation by the government regarding rabies, most 82.50% remained neutral. Regarding awareness of population in Srinagar about rabies, the majority 100% agreed. Limited budget is given to his hospital for dog bite cases; the majority 82.50% remained neutral. It is important to get assistance from the animal department if there is a rabid dog; the majority 82.50% remained neutral. If there is a rabies control program in Srinagar, the majority 100% agreed of supporting it. Vaccines are not available throughout the year at the SMHS hospital; the majority 82.50% remained neutral. When asked about there is lone anti-rabies clinic in Kashmir at SMHS hospital, the majority 92.50% agreed. I would take vaccine if bitten by a dog, the majority 100% agreed. The majority 82.50% remained neutral about wound cleaning before reaching to the hospital. About the anti-rabies vaccine and its safety for prevention, the majority 100% agreed. The majority 82.50% remained neutral about suggesting rabies vaccine to others (Table 5).

Discussion

Rabies is out looked as awful of the diseases that attack humans. This discriminating alarm, outdoing any exact civic wellbeing hazard, is owing to abundant issues whilst were seen besides rabies initially put on its inkling as a misery. The current issues also symbolize that the attitudes of the respondent were positive. The majority, of respondents, alleged that stray dogs are a community vigour hitch within Srinagar. The outlook of respondents about not allotting stray dogs to meander copiously, appearing for medicinal consideration if bitten by a dog is shimmering proletariats concern in the control of rabies. The mainstream assumed that the health educators aim ought to squeeze the outline of human deaths from the disease. Consequently, it is very vital to craft perception in the community about this. The bulk, required to have the rabies control program in Srinagar. While their eagerness is not a pledge on obliging with the administration in rabies control. The motive is there had been no national rabies control plan in Srinagar. The pessimistic approach on waste supervision might be due to extra refuse plus dogs that are seen on the avenues.

Conclusion

The attitude of the victimized people was positive. The majority, of respondents, alleged that stray dogs are a community vigour hitch within Srinagar. The outlook of respondents about not allotting stray dogs to meander copiously, appearing for medicinal consideration if bitten by a dog is shimmering proletariats concern in the control of rabies.

Ethics statement

The study was approved by the faculty of veterinary and animal husbandry Srinagar, Kashmir, India. Our assessment consisted of inquiries to grasp the study’s objectives. Five domains have been used to verify attitudes with regards to rabies protecting the first useful resource and scientific interest and motion closer to suspect rabid animals. Scores were given under the completeness and accuracy of respondent’s answers.

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